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The scholarly method or scholarship is the body of and Practice theory used by and academics to make their claims about their subjects of expertise as valid and trustworthy as possible, and to make them known to the scholarly public. It comprises the methods that systemically advance the teaching, research, and of a scholarly or academic field of study through Rigour inquiry. Scholarship is creative, can be documented, can be replicated or elaborated, and can be and is peer-reviewed through various methods. The scholarly method includes the subcategories of the scientific method, with which scientists bolster their claims, and the historical method, with which historians verify their claims.
The empirical method is generally taken to mean the collection of data on which to base a hypothesis or derive a conclusion in science. It is part of the scientific method, but is often mistakenly assumed to be synonymous with other methods. The empirical method is not sharply defined and is often contrasted with the precision of experiments, where data emerges from the systematic manipulation of variables. The experimental method investigates Causality relationships among variables. An experiment is a cornerstone of the Empiricism approach to acquiring data about the world and is used in both and . An experiment can be used to help solve practical problems and to support or negate Theory assumptions.
The scientific method refers to a body of techniques for investigating Phenomenon, acquiring new knowledge, or correcting and integrating previous knowledge. To be termed scientific, a method of inquiry must be based on gathering observable, empirical and measurable evidence subject to specific principles of reasoning.Isaac Newton (1687, 1713, 1726). "4 Rules for the study of natural philosophy", Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica, Third edition. The General Scholium containing the 4 rules follows Book 3, The System of the World. Reprinted on pages 794-796 of I. Bernard Cohen and Anne Whitman's 1999 translation, University of California Press , 974 pages. A scientific method consists of the collection of data through observation and experimentation, and the formulation and testing of hypotheses.
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